2026-10-22 · arXiv Quantum Physics
arXiv:2512.18273v3 Announce Type: replace
Abstract: Quantum error correction (QEC) for fault-tolerant quantum computing requires a balanced decoding solution that offers high performance, low complexity, and low latency. However, the de facto standard - belief propagation (BP) combined with ordered statistics decoding (OSD) - suffers from excessive iterations in the BP stage and high complexity in the OSD stage. To address these challenges, we propose an evolutionary BP (EBP) decoder optimized via a differential evolution (DE) algorithm. By leveraging the gradient-free nature of DE, we enable end-to-end optimization of the EBP+OSD structure to maximize overall performance. In addition, a multi-objective selection rule is introduced to suppress frequent OSD activation, significantly reducing complexity overhead. Simulation results on surface codes and quantum low-density parity-check (QLDPC) codes demonstrate that EBP+OSD simultaneously achieves both superior decoding performance and substantially lower complexity compared to conventional BP+OSD, particularly in stringent low-latency regimes.
原文链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.18273
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