2026-10-26 · arXiv Quantum Physics
arXiv:2407.06072v2 Announce Type: replace
Abstract: We investigate how local perturbations spread on long-range interacting spin chains and show how their nonequilibrium behavior exactly matches the one of a Fermi-Hubbard model with long-range hoppings. We then focus on the thermalization of the fermionic model following a sudden quench of local interactions between two distinct fermionic species. For both models, the quasiparticle spectrum consists of gapped low-energy levels, while the high-energy ones accumulate at a single point. When the low-energy gaps are large enough, turning on the local interactions does not effectively mix high- and low-energy modes, resulting in a freezing of the dynamical evolution. In general, the states within the excited subspace are shielded from the long-range signatures of the model, which are responsible for the low-energy extended states, and the dynamics effectively look as if long-range couplings were absent. This shielding mechanism becomes evident in the presence of disorder. It is shown that shielding and freezing are a universal feature of long-range interacting systems, and their relation to the existence of quasistationary states is conjectured.
原文链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.06072
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