Directional Statistics on Circles and Spheres: A New Angle on Data

2026-10-28 · ArXiv

arXiv:2610.36227v1 Announce Type: cross

Abstract: Two compass bearings near north can have an ordinary arithmetic mean pointing south: the difficulty is that angles live on a circle, not a straight line. Using real wind observations, diffusion-MRI orientations, and geometric examples from machine learning, this article introduces circular and axial averages, directional variability, and probability models on circles and spheres. The guiding principle is to identify the geometry and symmetries of the observations before choosing a statistical method.

原文链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.36227

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